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@media(max-width:360px){header,main,footer{padding-left:15px;padding-right:15px}.big{font-size:57px;gap:8px}.big small{font-size:20px}#category-nav{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}h1{font-size:35px}}
@media print{.creator{display:none}.workspace{box-shadow:none}.calculator{padding:0}.result{background:#f0f4fb}}
.visual-learning{margin:22px 0 8px;border:1px solid #dbe3ef;border-radius:8px;background:#fcfdff;padding:19px 20px 15px}.visual-heading{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-start;gap:15px}.visual-heading h3{font:normal 21px/1.35 Georgia,serif;margin:5px 0 4px}.visual-heading .eyebrow{font-size:8px;letter-spacing:1.5px}.visual-label{font-size:7px;letter-spacing:1px;border:1px solid #dfe5ee;border-radius:3px;padding:4px 6px;white-space:nowrap;color:#64758c}.visual-learning svg{width:100%;height:auto;display:block;max-height:270px;margin:12px auto 5px;overflow:visible}.visual-learning svg text{font:12px Arial,sans-serif;fill:#314965;stroke:none}.visual-learning svg line{stroke:#7487a1;stroke-width:2}.visual-learning svg rect,.visual-learning svg circle,.visual-learning svg path{stroke:#7186a2;stroke-width:2;fill:none}.visual-learning svg .v-center{text-anchor:middle}.visual-learning svg .v-bold{font-weight:700}.visual-learning svg .v-large{font-size:30px}.visual-learning svg .v-light{fill:#edf2fa;stroke:#8ba0bc}.visual-learning svg .v-mid{fill:#c8d6eb;stroke:#6b85a9}.visual-learning svg .v-solid{fill:#304d75;stroke:#304d75}.visual-learning svg .v-accent{stroke:#b45b35;stroke-width:3}.visual-learning svg .v-tick{stroke:#7890af;stroke-width:1}.visual-learning svg .v-grid{stroke:#9badc6;stroke-width:1}.visual-learning svg .v-dashed{stroke:#a3b0c3;stroke-dasharray:7 5}.visual-learning svg .v-copper{fill:#bc7653;stroke:#bc7653}.visual-learning svg .v-charge{fill:#f5e9df;stroke:#b45b35}.visual-learning svg .v-cylinder{fill:#f0f3f8;stroke:#587497;stroke-width:4}.visual-learning svg .v-fluid{fill:#d8e5f6;stroke:none}.visual-learning svg .v-piston-head{fill:#b97a58;stroke:#965b3a}.visual-learning svg .v-rod{fill:#b6c4d6;stroke:#68809e}.visual-learning svg .v-wire{stroke:#4d688d;stroke-width:3;fill:none}.visual-learning svg .v-dimension{stroke:#b45b35}.visual-caption{font-size:12px;line-height:1.65;color:#5e6d80;margin:8px 0}.visual-current{font-size:12px;line-height:1.6;border-top:1px solid #e2e8f1;padding-top:10px;margin:12px 0 7px;overflow-wrap:anywhere}.visual-scale{display:block;color:#6b7890;font-size:9px;margin-top:9px}.motion-button{border:1px solid #aebfd6;border-radius:4px;padding:8px 12px;background:#f1f5fc;font-size:11px;margin:4px 0}.is-playing .v-piston-moving{animation:piston-stroke 3s ease-in-out infinite alternate}.is-playing .v-fluid{animation:fluid-stroke 3s ease-in-out infinite alternate;transform-origin:77px 122px}@keyframes piston-stroke{from{transform:translateX(-35px)}to{transform:translateX(45px)}}@keyframes fluid-stroke{from{transform:scaleX(.757)}to{transform:scaleX(1.3125)}}@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.is-playing .v-piston-moving,.is-playing .v-fluid{animation:none}}@media(max-width:800px){.visual-learning{padding:14px 12px 12px;margin-top:18px}.visual-heading{gap:7px}.visual-heading h3{font-size:19px}.visual-label{display:none}.visual-learning svg{margin:9px auto 2px}.visual-caption,.visual-current{font-size:11px}.visual-scale{font-size:8px}}@media print{.visual-learning{break-inside:avoid;padding:12px}.visual-learning svg{max-height:200px}.motion-button{display:none}.v-piston-moving,.v-fluid{animation:none!important}}

.visual-learning svg marker path{fill:#b45b35;stroke:none}
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